What is Person-Centered Language?

North Star Oregon • June 19, 2024
At North Star Oregon, a disability support organization in Oregon, we focus on person-centered care. When working with individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (I/DD), it’s crucial to use destigmatizing, respectful language. In disability spaces, we call this person-centered language. 

Today, we’ll take a closer look at person-centered language, why it’s used, and how to use it. This will strengthen your relationships with people with all kinds of disabilities, not just I/DD.

What is Person-Centered Language?

Also called person-centered language, person-centered language refers to individuals as people before discussing their disabilities. In short, it describes what someone “has” instead of what someone “is.” When we use person-centered language, we avoid using adjectives to describe people and instead describe what a person is experiencing. 

Instead of calling someone “disabled,” we could say someone is a “person with a disability.” We could also say someone is a ”person without vision” instead of calling them blind.

The opposite of this would be identity first language, which refers to people by their disability first. Some people with autism prefer to be called autistic, for example. People who use identity centered language take pride in their disabilities and believe they cannot be separated from who they are as people

Why Use Person First Language?

Using person-centered language is compassionate. It recognizes a person’s worth, interests, strengths, and personality beyond their disability. People are more than just their disability, and using language that affirms this dignifies people with I/DD. By using person-first language, we’re able to communicate that disabilities are just one part of a person, not their defining feature.

In addition, people identify themselves with the words others use to describe them. When we refer to people as “disabled,” they’re more likely to view their disability as a character trait. This can have an affect on self image - even though disabilities are not inherently negative, some people view them as such.

Lastly, using person centered language implies that disabilities happen to people as opposed to them being a person’s own doing (or their parents’ doing). Sometimes, identity first language carries a stigma, especially with disabilities that develop during pregnancy. We can mitigate harmful assumptions by referring to people as people first.

Should You Always Use Person First Language?

While many parents of individuals with I/DD prefer person-centered language, a growing number of people with disabilities prefer identity-centered language. It’s important to know your audience—if you know a person prefers one over the other, that’s what you should use. You should also respect a person’s language choice when they’re not around. The way we talk about others shapes the public’s perception of them, and it should be up to the individual to decide how they want to be perceived.

Some disability communities generally prefer person first language, whereas others lean towards identity first language. Despite this, don’t assume that you know which one someone prefers just because they identify with a certain community. We should always ask a person with disabilities how they’d like you to describe them.

How to Use Person First Language

Using person first language can take some practice if you’ve never used it before. Let’s explore a few examples of how to use this language with people with intellectual and developmental disabilities. 

When using person centered language, we would avoid referring to people with disabilities as “special needs.” People are not their needs, and people with disabilities have needs very similar to neurotypical folks. Instead, we can call them a “person with Down Syndrome” or “a person living with FAS.”

People with I/DD have a higher likelihood of experiencing a mental illness than the general population. Instead of referring to a person as depressed, bipolar, or schizophrenic, we could say they’re a “person living with depression, bipolar, or schizophrenia.” As we discussed, this takes the emphasis off of the illness when talking about a person.

Person-Centered Disability Support Care in Oregon

At North Star Oregon, we focus on person-centered care. Like person-centered language, this approach dignifies the individuals we work with, viewing them as people and not just their disabilities. We treat people with I/DD as equal partners in coordinating their care.

By taking time to fully understand people’s needs and goals, we’re able to provide services tailored to each individual. North Star Oregon serves people with I/DD through disability support services such as Day Support Activities and In-Home Attendant Care in the mid-Willamette Valley. We currently serve Benton, Linn, Marion, and Polk Counties. Contact us today to see if North Star Oregon can be added to your loved one’s ISP!

By Admin Northstar November 28, 2025
At North Star Oregon, we believe that some of the most profound growth happens not within four walls, but out in the world. Our Day Support Activities (DSA) are designed to do more than just fill a day; they are crafted to enrich lives, foster independence, and build lasting connections within our community. While our DSA calendars are packed with a variety of engaging activities—from art classes and volunteering to bowling and museum visits—there is a special kind of magic that happens when we step outside. Why We Love to Be Outdoors Living in the Pacific Northwest gives us a unique advantage. We are surrounded by stunning natural beauty, from lush forests and winding rivers to calming beaches and majestic mountains. We make it a point to incorporate these incredible landscapes into our DSA programs whenever possible. For many of the individuals we support, the outdoors offers a sense of freedom and tranquility that is hard to find elsewhere. The simple act of walking on a trail, breathing in the fresh air, or listening to the sounds of nature can be incredibly grounding. The Healing Power of Nature There is something inherently healing about being in nature. It's a place where stress seems to melt away, and minds can become clearer. For individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities, the benefits can be even more significant: Reduced Stress and Anxiety: The sensory experience of nature—the sights, sounds, and smells—can have a calming effect on the nervous system, helping to reduce anxiety and promote a sense of peace. Improved Mood: Sunlight and physical activity are natural mood boosters. Our outdoor adventures, whether it's a walk in a local park or a trip to the coast, often end with smiles and laughter. Enhanced Social Connection: Exploring a new trail or sharing a picnic in a park creates natural opportunities for social interaction and team building. It's a shared experience that strengthens bonds between participants and staff. Sensory Engagement: Nature provides a rich and gentle sensory environment that can be both stimulating and soothing, allowing individuals to engage with the world around them at their own pace. Building Confidence: Navigating a trail or trying a new outdoor activity can be a great confidence booster. It shows our participants what they are capable of and encourages them to step outside their comfort zones. Our Commitment to Community & Exploration Our DSA groups in Albany, Corvallis, Salem, Eugene and beyond are always looking for new ways to explore. We believe that everyone deserves the opportunity to experience the joy and wonder of the natural world. Whether it's a sunny day perfect for a beach trip or a misty afternoon made for a forest walk, we are committed to helping the individuals we support find their own "true north" through connection, community, and the healing power of the great outdoors. Join the Adventure!
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